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Target DNA chromatinization modulates nicking by L1 endonuclease.

G J Cost¹, A Golding, M S Schlissel

¹Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research

|January 5, 2001

Summary

Human L1 elements are transposons that insert into DNA. Chromatin structure, which packages DNA, generally prevents L1 endonuclease from nicking DNA, but can enhance it for some sequences.

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Epigenetics
Molecular Biology

Background:

L1 elements are abundant human transposons replicating via RNA.
DNA nicking by L1 endonuclease (L1 EN) is crucial for transposition.
Genomic DNA exists in chromatin and undergoes various biochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how DNA chromatinization affects L1 EN's ability to nick DNA.
To understand the influence of epigenetic factors on L1 transposition.

Main Methods:

Examined the effect of substrate chromatinization on L1 EN DNA nicking.
Assessed L1 EN activity on DNA within nucleosomes.

Main Results:

DNA incorporated into nucleosomes is generally resistant to L1 EN nicking.

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Nicking of a subset of DNA sequences is paradoxically enhanced within chromatin.

Conclusions:

Dynamic epigenetic factors like chromatinization significantly influence L1 element placement in the human genome.
Chromatin structure plays a complex role in regulating L1 transposition efficiency.