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Related Experiment Videos

[Nutrition and stress].

L Tappy1, M M Berger, R L Chiolero

  • 1Institut de Physiologie, Université de Lausanne, Suisse.

Annales De Medecine Interne
|January 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Acute illness triggers significant metabolic changes, including hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, impairing the body's adaptation to starvation. Specific nutrients may help mitigate these harmful catabolic processes.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Context:

  • Acute illness necessitates major physiological adaptations to stress and injury.
  • The metabolic response is crucial for maintaining vital functions and promoting healing.
  • Altered energy expenditure, carbohydrate metabolism, and nutrient utilization characterize critical illness.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the complex metabolic alterations during acute illness.
  • To understand the implications of these changes on nutrient utilization and adaptation to starvation.
  • To explore potential nutritional interventions for improving outcomes.

Summary:

  • Patients exhibit hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic glucose production, alongside stimulated lipolysis and fat oxidation.

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  • Ketogenesis is inhibited, hindering adaptation to starvation, while protein turnover is stimulated, leading to catabolism and fat-free mass depletion.
  • These catabolic states are resistant to conventional nutritional support and growth factors, suggesting a need for targeted nutrient strategies.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the profound metabolic dysregulation in acute illness.
    • Underscores the limitations of standard nutritional support in reversing catabolism.
    • Suggests that specific nutrients like amino acids, micronutrients, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may offer therapeutic potential for immune, antioxidant, and inflammatory modulation.