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Control of flow direction in microfluidic devices with polyelectrolyte multilayers.

S L Barker1, D Ross, M J Tarlov

  • 1National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8362, USA. sbarker@nist.gov

Analytical Chemistry
|January 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers used polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) to control fluid direction in microfluidic devices. This surface modification allows for complex flow patterns and opposite flows within the same channel, enhancing microfluidic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electroosmotic flow (EOF) is a fundamental phenomenon in microfluidics, typically controlled by surface charge and applied voltage.
  • Modulating surface charge offers an alternative or complementary method to voltage for directing EOF in microfluidic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) for controlling surface charge in microfluidic devices.
  • To demonstrate the ability to direct and manipulate electroosmotic flow (EOF) direction using PEMs.
  • To achieve complex and opposite flow patterns within microchannels by selective surface derivatization.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfluidic devices using polystyrene and acrylic substrates.
  • Application of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) with controlled charge to specific regions of the microchannel surfaces.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing fluorescence imaging and particle velocimetry to characterize and visualize fluid flow patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully altered surface charge of microfluidic devices using PEMs.
    • Demonstrated control over EOF direction by modifying surface charge with PEMs.
    • Achieved complex flow patterns, including top-bottom and side-by-side opposite flows within the same microchannel by strategic PEM placement.

    Conclusions:

    • Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) provide an effective strategy for precise control of electroosmotic flow (EOF) in microfluidic devices.
    • Surface charge modification via PEMs enables the realization of intricate flow dynamics, expanding microfluidic device functionality.
    • This approach offers a versatile platform for advanced microfluidic applications requiring tailored flow control.