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Diastolic function impairment in alcoholics.

J Fernández-Solà1, J M Nicolás, J C Paré

  • 1Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Spain. nicolas@medicina.ub.es

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|January 5, 2001
PubMed
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Chronic alcohol consumption damages the heart, causing diastolic dysfunction. This impairment worsens with increased ethanol intake and is more common when systolic dysfunction is also present.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Toxicology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic excessive ethanol consumption negatively impacts the myocardium.
  • While systolic dysfunction in alcoholism is well-documented, diastolic involvement is less understood.
  • This study investigates left ventricular diastolic impairment in chronic alcoholics and its relationship with systolic dysfunction and ethanol intake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of left ventricular diastolic impairment in chronic alcoholics.
  • To assess the relationship between diastolic dysfunction and systolic dysfunction.
  • To evaluate the influence of ethanol consumption on diastolic impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 35 alcoholics with cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction ≤50%) and 77 with normal systolic function (ejection fraction >50%).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed New York Heart Association functional class, ethanol intake history, technetium-99m radionuclide angiocardiography.
  • Performed bidimensional Doppler echocardiography to evaluate systolic and diastolic left ventricular function.

    • Main Results:

    • Diastolic dysfunction was found in one-third of alcoholics with normal systolic function and two-thirds with cardiomyopathy (p < 0.01).
    • Pseudonormalization of diastolic function occurred in patients with ejection fraction <32%.
    • Deterioration of diastolic parameters correlated with lifetime ethanol dose (r = 0.44, p < 0.001).

    Conclusions:

    • Ethanol consumption appears to have a dose-dependent effect on both systolic and diastolic heart function.
    • Diastolic dysfunction is prevalent in alcoholics, even those with normal systolic function, and is more frequent when systolic dysfunction is also present.