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Blood transfusion associated fatalities.

M V Jadhav1, N Kurade, N Sahasrabudhe

  • 1Department of Pathology B.J. Medical College, Pune 411001.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|January 6, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated 16 post-transfusion deaths, finding that post-transfusion endotoxemia was the most frequent cause. Patient

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Transfusion-associated fatalities represent a critical concern in patient safety.
  • Understanding the specific causes of death following blood transfusions is essential for improving clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the causes and contributing factors of post-transfusion deaths.
  • To determine the incidence of transfusion-associated fatalities in the studied institute.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical and blood bank records for 16 post-transfusion deaths.
  • Inclusion of postmortem examination findings where available.
  • Categorization of deaths based on transfusion reactions and other causes.

Main Results:

  • Post-transfusion endotoxemia was the most common cause of fatality (7 cases), followed by cardiac overload (5 cases) and septicemia (3 cases).
  • Endotoxemia and cardiac overload coexisted in two cases.
  • Three deaths were not attributed to transfusion reactions; however, three clinically stable patients died from post-transfusion endotoxemia.
  • The incidence of transfusion-associated fatality in the institute was 0.028%.

Conclusions:

  • Post-transfusion endotoxemia and cardiac overload are significant causes of transfusion-associated mortality.
  • Pre-existing patient conditions can unfavorably influence outcomes following transfusion.
  • The study highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring for transfusion reactions and prompt management.

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