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Changes in thyroid function in puppies fed a high iodine commercial diet.
V A Castillo1, J C Lalia, M Junco
1Hospital Escuela, Servicio de Endocrinologia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av Chorroarin 280, (1470) Buenoa Aires, Argentina. rcastille@fret.uba.as
Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|January 9, 2001
Summary
Excessive iodine in commercial dog food in Argentina impairs thyroid function. Studies show this leads to lower radioactive iodine (131I) uptake and hypothyroidism in dogs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Animal Nutrition
Background:
- Abnormally low radioactive iodine (131I) uptake was observed in dogs consuming commercial diets.
- Commercial diets in Argentina provided iodine intake above daily requirements, despite low 131I uptake.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cause of reduced 131I uptake in dogs fed commercial diets.
- To determine the impact of excessive iodine from commercial diets on canine thyroid function.
Main Methods:
- 18 dogs were divided into three groups: home-prepared diet, commercial diet, or home-prepared diet with added potassium iodide.
- Radioactive iodine (131I) uptake, basal serum thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (FT4), urinary iodide excretion, and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured.
- Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation tests were performed.
Main Results:
- Dogs fed commercial diets or supplemented diets showed significantly decreased 131I uptake, basal T4, and FT4.
- Urinary iodide excretion and serum TSH levels were increased in these groups.
- TRH-TSH response increased, while TRH-T4 response was inhibited in dogs with high iodine intake.
Conclusions:
- Excessive iodine content in certain commercial dog diets in Argentina significantly impairs thyroid function.
- High dietary iodine leads to hypothyroidism in dogs.
- This highlights a potential risk associated with commercial pet food formulations.