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Computed tomography screening for lung carcinoma in Japan
M Kaneko1, M Kusumoto, T Kobayashi
1National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. mhkaneko@ncc.go.jp
Cancer
|January 9, 2001
Summary
Low dose spiral CT shows promise for early lung cancer detection in Japan. This screening method identified peripheral tumors missed by standard radiography, aiding in early-stage diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Oncology
- Diagnostic Radiology
Background:
- Lung carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer deaths in Japan.
- Early detection of lung cancer can reduce mortality rates.
- Computed tomography (CT) offers superior visualization for detecting small nodules.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of low dose spiral CT for lung carcinoma screening.
- To assess the effectiveness of low dose spiral CT in detecting peripheral lung nodules.
Main Methods:
- A biannual lung carcinoma screening program involving 1669 individuals from 1993-1998.
- Screening included chest radiography, sputum cytology, and low dose spiral CT.
- Low dose spiral CT parameters: 120 kvP, 50 mA, 10-mm collimation, 2:1 pitch.
Main Results:
- Peripheral lung carcinoma was detected in 0.3% of 9993 examinations.
- Low dose spiral CT detected 77% of tumors not visible on standard radiography.
- 22 of 24 detected tumors were Stage IA.
Conclusions:
- Low dose spiral CT demonstrates potential for lung carcinoma screening.
- Effectiveness for minute lung lesion detection requires further study.
- Routine use necessitates establishing diagnostic criteria, support systems, and efficacy assessments.