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[Evaluation of professional practices].

S Briançon1, F Girard, F Empereur

  • 1Service Epidémiologie et Evaluation Cliniques, Hôpital Marin CHU Nancy, 92, avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, CO 34, 54035 Nancy Cedex. eval@chu-nancy.fr

Revue D'Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique
|January 10, 2001
PubMed
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Evaluating professional practices requires clear methods. This study applies epidemiological concepts to descriptive, analytical, and evaluative approaches for practice assessment and improvement.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare quality improvement
  • Medical practice evaluation
  • Epidemiological methods

Background:

  • Professional practice evaluation concepts and methods are frequently conflated.
  • A classical conceptual framework is described.
  • The study proposes an approach where practice is the primary outcome measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply traditional epidemiological concepts to professional practice evaluation.
  • To delineate methods within descriptive, analytical, and evaluative frameworks.
  • To guide the assessment and improvement of healthcare practices.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive approach: Cross-sectional studies to observe and describe usual behaviors.
  • Analytical approach: Identifying factors associated with specific practices using representative samples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluative approach: Quasi-experimental (e.g., clinical audit), experimental (community randomized trials), and observational studies to assess interventions aimed at practice modification.
  • Main Results:

    • The study outlines three distinct approaches to professional practice evaluation: descriptive, analytical, and evaluative.
    • Various study designs, including clinical audit, community randomized trials, and observational studies, are presented for practice assessment.
    • Effectiveness of evaluation methods is contingent upon a supportive institutional context.

    Conclusions:

    • A structured epidemiological framework enhances the evaluation of professional practices.
    • The choice of method (descriptive, analytical, evaluative) depends on the study's objectives.
    • Favorable institutional support is crucial for successful professional practice evaluation and improvement initiatives.