What is the role of phytoestrogens in treating menopausal symptoms?

Most randomised placebo-controlled trials show no benefit of phytoestrogens in managing menopausal vasomotor symptoms. Concentrated phytoestrogen supplements appear to have oestrogenic actions in the breast and may interfere with the therapeutic use of tamoxifen. Unlike concentrated supplements, foods rich in phytoestrogens, such as vegetables, grains and legumes, are also excellent sources of fibre, unsaturated protein, vitamins and minerals and their consumption should be encouraged.