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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

Elevated thermostatic setpoint in postoperative patients.

S M Frank1, M J Kluger, S L Kunkel

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. sfrank@welch.jhu.edu

Anesthesiology
|January 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Postoperative fever is a normal thermoregulatory response, not necessarily infection. This regulated increase in core body temperature (Tc) after surgery is linked to surgical stress and cytokine release.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Surgical Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The mechanism and clinical significance of elevated core temperature (Tc) post-surgery remain unclear.
  • Distinguishing normal thermoregulation from infection-related fever is crucial for patient care.
  • This study investigated whether a regulated increase in Tc setpoint occurs after surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that a regulated increase in core body temperature setpoint occurs post-surgery.
  • To understand the normal thermoregulatory response in the early postoperative period.
  • To differentiate physiological fever from pathological fever after surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 271 patients within 24 hours of various surgical procedures.
  • Monitored core body temperature (urinary bladder), skin temperatures, and thermoregulatory responses (vasoconstriction, shivering).
  • Assessed total leukocyte counts and plasma cytokine concentrations (TNF, IL-6, IL-8) in a subset of patients.

Main Results:

  • Average maximum Tc increase was 1.4°C, peaking 11.1 hours post-surgery.
  • 50% of patients reached ≥38.0°C, 25% reached ≥38.5°C.
  • Postoperative Tc elevation correlated with vasoconstriction, shivering, IL-6 response, and surgical duration/extent, indicating a regulated response.

Conclusions:

  • A regulated elevation in core body temperature setpoint (fever) is a normal postoperative occurrence.
  • Early postoperative fever is associated with perioperative stress, surgical factors, and cytokine response.
  • This physiological fever should be differentiated from infection-related fever.