Vitamin profile of 174 mothers and newborns at parturition

Thiamin, biotin, B12, folate, pantothenate, riboflavin, nicotinate, B6, vitamins A, E, C, and beta-cartene was estimated in the blood of 174 mothers and in the cord blood of their neonates at parturition. A vitamin profile of normal preganancy was established for mother and neonate. This was based on values obtained from 95 percent confidence limits in 74 mothers not taking oral vitamins and 133 mothers ingesting various vitamin supllements. Circulating vitamin levels in 38 neonates born to mothers with no laboratory evidence of hypovitaminemia was persented. The higher incidence of hypobitaminemia in gravidas not taking vitamins was folate, thiamin, vitamins A, C, B12, BL and nicotinate in descending order. Ingestion of vitamins supplements reduced the incidence of hypovitaminemia. A similar relationship held for neonates from these mothers. However, despite vitamin ingestion thiamin, folate, vitamins C, A, B6, B12 and nicotinate hypovitaminemia was evident. There was an approximate 1:2-5 ratio between mother and neonate blood vitamins; vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene were exceptions. Vitamin B6 ran parallel, while vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene ratios reversed in favor of the mother at an approximate ratio of 2:1, 4:1 and 7:1, respectively. It is concluded that vitamin profile for mother and neonate, taking into account values established from a lorge gravid population, should now permit an evaluation of the effects of hypoviteminemia on the outcome of pregnancy and infant health.