Complications of central venous catheterization

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Interventional Radiology
• Vascular Access

Background:

• Central venous catheterization is a common medical procedure.
• Potential complications can arise during and after catheter placement.
• Understanding these risks is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the complications associated with central venous catheterization.
• To describe the relevant anatomy for safe catheter placement.
• To highlight the radiologist's role in managing complications.

Main Methods:

• Review of institutional experience with central venous catheterization.
• Comprehensive literature review on catheter-related complications.
• Anatomical review of the subclavian and internal jugular veins.

Main Results:

• Common complications include hematoma, catheter malposition, venous thrombosis, and infection.
• Unusual complications involve pleural laceration, artery puncture, and embolization.
• Both immediate and delayed complications require radiologist recognition.

Conclusions:

• Central venous catheterization carries a spectrum of potential complications.
• Familiarity with anatomy and potential risks is essential for radiologists.
• Prompt identification and management of complications improve patient outcomes.