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Gliomas in children: a review
1Service de Neurochirurgie Genève-Lausanne, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest, 1205 Genève 14, Switzerland. Benedict.Rilliet@hcuge.ch
Summary
Pediatric gliomas differ from adult types, with lower malignancy rates. Management focuses on surgical removal for benign tumors and chemotherapy for nonresectable cases, especially in infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric neuro-oncology
- Neurosurgery
- Pediatric oncology
Background:
- Glioma management and prognosis vary significantly between pediatric and adult populations.
- Malignant gliomas are less common in children compared to adults.
- Recent advancements in understanding pediatric gliomas are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review different types of pediatric gliomas.
- To emphasize the importance of localization and histological classification for prognosis.
- To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies for pediatric gliomas.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent contributions to the understanding of pediatric gliomas.
- Analysis of prognostic factors based on tumor localization and histology.
- Evaluation of surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiotherapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- Surgery is the primary treatment for most benign pediatric gliomas if resectable without significant sequelae.
- Chemotherapy shows promise for nonresectable low-grade gliomas, particularly in infants, to avoid radiotherapy complications.
- Molecular and genetic studies have not yet yielded direct therapeutic benefits for children with gliomas.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of pediatric gliomas requires considering tumor type, location, and histology.
- Current treatments prioritize surgical resection for benign gliomas and chemotherapy for specific nonresectable cases.
- Future research holds hope for improved treatments for malignant gliomas in children.