Molecular characterization of non-B HIV type 1 subtypes from Africa in Spain

All of the known HIV-1 subtypes are present in sub-Saharan Africa. The B subtype is predominant in the United States and Europe, but previous studies have revealed that other subtypes are also in circulation. We report here on the genetic characterization of eight non-B subtype VIH-1 virus strains detected during 1999 in patients living in Spain and having epidemiological relationships with African countries. Five isolates clustering with recombinant form CRF02-AG came from West and Central Africa. One isolate was characterized as being of the D subtype in the gp41 region, and clustered with subtype A outside the CRF02-AG recombinant form, in regions C2V3 and p17. Another isolate was a G subtype, and the remaining isolate was an O subtype. In Spain, the B subtype is the most frequently detected HIV-1 subtype, although in more recent years non-B subtypes have been introduced through immigrant HIV-1-infected individuals coming from African countries, or through infected persons having relationships with endemically affected areas.