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[Vitamin D3 poisoning--case report].

K Heinritzi1, T Hänichen, W Rambeck

  • 1II. Medizinische Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Krankheiten des Schweines.

DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift
|January 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

An acute vitamin D3 intoxication caused the deaths of over 650 pigs. High levels of vitamin D3 were found in feed and supplements, leading to soft tissue calcification and aphonia.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Animal Pathology

Context:

  • A large-scale swine operation experienced a sudden, mass mortality event.
  • Over 650 pigs died within hours in a fattening unit housing approximately 3,000 animals.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the cause of acute, widespread mortality in a pig fattening unit.
  • To identify the toxic agent responsible for the observed clinical signs and pathological findings.

Summary:

  • Pigs exhibited severe symptoms including vomiting, dyspnea, diarrhea, polyuria, apathy, and aphonia due to vocal cord calcification.
  • Pathological examination revealed soft tissue calcification, strongly suggesting intoxication with a vitamin D-like substance.
  • Analysis detected extremely high levels of vitamin D3 (39,000–196,000 IU/kg) in feed and crystalline vitamin D3 (8.8 million IU/kg) in an open whey bag.

Impact:

  • This case highlights the critical importance of accurate vitamin D3 dosage and feed management in animal husbandry.
  • Understanding the sources and pathways of such toxicities is crucial for preventing future outbreaks and ensuring animal welfare.
  • The findings underscore the potential for severe consequences from errors in feed formulation or supplement handling in intensive livestock farming.

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