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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
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TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins01:21

Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins

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Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

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Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding
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Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding

Published on: September 21, 2011

Distinct proteins interacting with the glucocorticoid receptor.

M Schulz1, R Zhang, H Eggert

  • 1Institut für Genetik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58-62 D-35392 Giessen, Germany.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|January 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression. Researchers identified new GR-interacting proteins (GRIPs), including GRIP170 and GRIP120, which modulate GR-mediated transcription.

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A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis
05:43

A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis

Published on: January 24, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a key transcription factor regulating gene expression.
  • GR functions by binding DNA, interacting with other proteins, and influencing transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel proteins that interact with the activated glucocorticoid receptor.
  • To investigate the role of these novel proteins in modulating GR-mediated transcription.

Main Methods:

  • A blotting technique using a radioactively labeled GR/GRE complex was employed to identify GR-interacting proteins (GRIPs).
  • Biochemical purification and microsequencing were used to identify and characterize specific GRIPs.
  • The functional role of identified GRIPs in GR-mediated transcription was assessed.

Main Results:

  • A new class of GRIPs was identified through the blotting technique.
  • Two specific GRIPs, GRIP170 and GRIP120, were purified and characterized.
  • GRIP170 and GRIP120 were found to play a role in modulating GR-mediated transcription.

Conclusions:

  • Novel GRIPs, including GRIP170 and GRIP120, have been identified.
  • These GRIPs are important regulators of glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription.
  • Further research into GRIPs can elucidate complex transcriptional regulatory networks.