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Related Experiment Videos

Human L1 retrotransposition: cis preference versus trans complementation.

W Wei1, N Gilbert, S L Ooi

  • 1Department of Human Genetics, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
|February 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs or L1s) primarily mobilize their own RNA. This cis preference helps maintain L1 retrotransposition activity despite numerous nonfunctional copies in human DNA.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs or L1s) constitute a significant portion of the human genome (~17%).
  • Despite their abundance, only a small fraction of L1 elements are actively mobile.
  • Understanding L1 mobility mechanisms is crucial for comprehending genome evolution and potential disease associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the retrotransposition preference of L1-encoded proteins.
  • To determine whether L1 proteins act preferentially in cis or in trans.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which L1 elements maintain retrotransposition competence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a retrotransposition assay in cultured human cells.
  • Quantified the mobilization of L1 RNA and other cellular mRNAs by L1-encoded proteins.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared retrotransposition frequencies of wild-type L1s, mutant L1s, and cellular RNAs.

    • Main Results:

    • L1-encoded proteins predominantly mobilize the RNA that encodes them (cis preference).
    • L1 proteins can promote retrotransposition of mutant L1s and cellular RNAs in trans, but at significantly lower frequencies.
    • Mutant L1 RNAs mobilized at 0.2–0.9% and cellular RNAs at 0.01–0.05% of wild-type L1 retrotransposition levels.

    Conclusions:

    • L1-encoded proteins exhibit a strong cis preference for their cognate RNA.
    • This cis preference is a key mechanism for L1 elements to maintain retrotransposition activity.
    • The findings explain how L1 elements persist as functional entities amidst a vast number of nonfunctional copies.