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Related Experiment Videos

The sacrum: pathologic spectrum, multimodality imaging, and subspecialty approach.

J Diel1, O Ortiz, R A Losada

  • 1Department of Radiology, Winthrop University Hospital, 259 First St, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
|February 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Radiologists use imaging to diagnose diverse sacral conditions, from congenital anomalies to fractures and arthritis. Advanced techniques like MRI and CT scans are vital for accurate sacral lesion characterization.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The sacrum is frequently imaged by radiologists for various pathologies.
  • Disease processes can affect the sacrum focally or systemically.
  • Plain radiographs have limitations in sacral evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of sacral abnormalities and their imaging characteristics.
  • To emphasize the role of cross-sectional imaging in diagnosing sacral lesions.
  • To guide radiologists in identifying and managing sacral disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging modalities for sacral evaluation, including plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
  • Discussion of congenital, neoplastic, infectious, arthritic, and traumatic conditions affecting the sacrum.

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  • Emphasis on MR imaging for congenital lesions and CT/MR for lesion characterization.

    • Main Results:

    • Congenital sacral lesions like agenesis and meningocele are best visualized with MR imaging.
    • Metastatic disease is the most common sacral neoplasm; primary tumors are rare.
    • Infections, arthritis (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis), and fractures represent other significant sacral pathologies.

    Conclusions:

    • Cross-sectional imaging, particularly CT and MR, is crucial for diagnosing and characterizing sacral lesions.
    • Familiarity with diverse sacral abnormalities and their imaging findings aids radiologists in diagnosis and management.
    • Accurate interpretation of sacral imaging is essential for patient care.