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Related Experiment Videos

Asynchronous breathing during sleep.

J Kohyama1, T Shiiki, M Shimohira

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. jkohyama.ped@tmd.ac.jp

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|February 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Paradoxical inward rib cage movement (PIRCM) can help detect sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children. PIRCM decreases with age, becoming minimal by 3.3 years, but remains a useful indicator of SDB in older children.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Children seldom report symptoms of sleep disordered breathing (SDB).
  • Paradoxical inward rib cage movement (PIRCM) during sleep may aid in SDB detection.
  • PIRCM is a physiological occurrence in neonatal REM sleep, absent in adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To correlate PIRCM degree with other sleep disordered breathing measures.
  • To investigate age-related changes in PIRCM degree.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified PIRCM using the laboured breathing index (LBI).
  • Employed respiratory inductive plethysmography to determine LBI.
  • Analyzed sleep recordings from 101 subjects (3.5 months to 19 years).

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Main Results:

  • In subjects with SaO2 ≥ 90% and no prolonged apneas, LBI during REM sleep significantly decreased with age, reaching a low by 3.3 years.
  • In the remaining subjects, LBI correlated strongly with obstructed breathing indicators.
  • PIRCM, indicated by high LBI, is associated with obstructed breathing during sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Increased attention to PIRCM may improve the detection of obstructed breathing in children over 3 years old.
  • PIRCM serves as a valuable, non-invasive marker for sleep disordered breathing in pediatric populations.