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Minireview: the glucagon-like peptides.

D J Drucker1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4 Canada. d.drucker@utoronto.ca

Endocrinology
|February 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) regulate nutrient absorption and energy balance. Their rapid inactivation suggests analogs could treat diabetes and intestinal diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) are secreted by enteroendocrine L cells in response to nutrients.
  • GLP-1 impacts nutrient assimilation, gastric emptying, and food intake.
  • GLP-2 supports intestinal mucosal integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological roles of GLP-1 and GLP-2.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 and GLP-2 analogs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized GLP-1 antagonists and GLP-1 receptor knockout mice.
  • Examined effects on glucose homeostasis, central nervous system function, and intestinal epithelium.

Main Results:

  • GLP-1 is crucial for glucose homeostasis and regulates hypothalamic-pituitary function.
  • GLP-2 promotes intestinal integrity through effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and permeability.
  • Both peptides are rapidly inactivated by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV).

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1 and GLP-2 play vital roles in nutrient absorption and energy homeostasis.
  • The therapeutic efficacy in animal models suggests potential clinical utility for GLP-1 and GLP-2 analogs in treating human diseases like diabetes and intestinal disorders.

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