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Immune modulation after measles vaccination of 6-9 months old Bangladeshi infants

J J Schnorr1, F T Cutts, J G Wheeler

  • 1Institute for Virology and Immunobiology of the University of Würzburg, Versbacher Strasse 7, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany. jjschnorr@med.uni.tuebingen.de

Vaccine
|February 13, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Measles vaccination in infants aged 9 months, or two doses at 6 and 9 months, showed high seroconversion rates. Both schedules induced prolonged immune activation and reduced hypersensitivity responses in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Measles vaccination is critical for child survival, but concerns exist regarding early administration's impact on infant immunity.
  • Previous studies indicated increased mortality with high-titer measles vaccines given before 7 months, prompting investigation into standard-titer vaccine effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immunological response to standard-titer measles vaccines in Bangladeshi infants.
  • To compare immune responses between a single vaccine dose at 9 months versus two doses at 6 and 9 months of age.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed seroconversion rates and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to Candida antigen.
  • Analyzed peripheral blood lymphocyte activation markers and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production post-vaccination.
  • Compared immune responses between vaccine groups and unvaccinated controls.

Main Results:

  • Vaccination at 9 months achieved 95% seroconversion; two doses at 6 and 9 months resulted in 70% seroconversion.
  • Both vaccination schedules significantly reduced DTH responses at 6 weeks post-vaccination.
  • Sustained increases in lymphocyte activation markers and IL-2 production were observed up to 24 weeks post-vaccination in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Standard-titer measles vaccination in infants induces prolonged immune activation and transiently suppresses DTH responses.
  • The findings highlight complex immunological effects of measles vaccination in young infants, warranting further clinical investigation.

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