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Neutralism and selectionism: the molecular clock.

F J Ayala1

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA. fjayala@uci.edu

Gene
|February 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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The molecular clock

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular evolution
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neutrality theory posits a constant rate of molecular evolution, enabling a molecular clock for evolutionary timing.
  • Observed variance in evolutionary rates exceeds neutrality theory predictions, termed 'overdispersion'.
  • Proposed modifications to neutrality theory include factors like generation time, population size, and mutation repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate modifications of neutrality theory using glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) evolution.
  • To determine if proposed modifications can explain observed rate variations in GPDH and SOD across diverse species.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of GPDH and SOD protein evolution across various taxa.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of existing neutrality theory modifications against empirical data for GPDH and SOD.

    • Main Results:

    • Neither GPDH nor SOD evolution patterns are simultaneously explained by current neutrality theory modifications.
    • GPDH exhibits slow evolution in Drosophila but rapid evolution in mammals, other animals, plants, and fungi.
    • SOD evolves rapidly in Drosophila and mammals, but slowly in other animals, plants, and fungi.

    Conclusions:

    • Existing modifications to neutrality theory fail to reconcile the disparate evolutionary rates of GPDH and SOD.
    • The 'overdispersion' of the molecular clock requires further theoretical development beyond current proposals.
    • Protein-specific evolutionary dynamics challenge a universal molecular clock model.