Subtotal cystectomy with ileocystoplasty for severe hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplantation

In a retrospective analysis of hemorrhagic cystitis subsequent to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, we focused on patients who underwent subtotal cystectomy with ileocystoplasty because stepwise use of conservative treatments had failed. Severe lasting hemorrhagic cystitis (more than 40 days) led to urinary tract obstruction and sepsis that required subtotal cystectomy in 3 of 1300 bone graft patients. Hematuria did not recur after surgery with a satisfactory functional result (follow-up 10 months to 17 years). Subtotal cystectomy with detubularized ileocystoplasty can be used to control life-threatening hemorrhagic cystitis.