Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
11:10

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Published on: November 16, 2011

Effect of alanine and glycine on glucagon secretion in postabsorptive and fasting obese man

W A Müller, T T Aoki, G F Cahill

    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |March 11, 1975
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood11:36

    A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

    Published on: April 28, 2016

    Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine07:00

    Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine

    Published on: February 26, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

    GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

    Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
    Two...
    Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

    Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

    Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
    In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
    Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

    Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

    Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
    During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
    Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

    Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

    The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
    Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
    Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

    Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

    Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
    GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
    Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

    Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

    Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...