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Birthweight and behavioural problems in children: a modifiable effect?

Y J Kelly1, J Y Nazroo, A McMunn

  • 1International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WCIE 6BT, UK. y,kelly@public-health.ucl.ac.uk

International Journal of Epidemiology
|February 15, 2001
PubMed
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Low birthweight is linked to childhood behavioral issues. Social environment significantly influences this risk, potentially offering protection or increasing vulnerability regardless of birthweight.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Low birthweight is a known predictor of behavioral problems in children.
  • The interplay between birthweight, social environment, and child behavior requires further investigation in general populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between birthweight and social factors in predicting childhood psychological well-being.
  • To understand how social environment modifies the impact of birthweight on behavioral outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 5181 children (aged 4-15) from the 1997 Health Survey for England.
  • Utilized the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess behavioral problems.
  • Investigated associations with birthweight and social environmental factors.

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Main Results:

  • Birthweight significantly predicted total difficulties score (OR=1.27), hyperactivity in boys (OR=1.25), and peer problems in girls (OR=1.24).
  • A strong social class gradient in behavioral problems was observed across all birthweight groups.
  • Lower birthweight tertiles showed higher difficulties in manual social classes, with a significant trend (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Early life factors like birthweight and social class significantly impact child psychological well-being.
  • Social factors appear to influence the effect of birthweight on behavioral problems.
  • Advantaged social environments may protect against behavioral issues, while disadvantaged environments increase risk, irrespective of birthweight.