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Hepatitis C: a review and update.

H L Bonkovsky1, S Mehta

  • 1Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|February 15, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes liver disease, often asymptomatic. Chronic infection affects millions, leading to severe illness and skin conditions like vasculitis and porphyria cutanea tarda.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant cause of acute and chronic hepatitis.
  • Transmission occurs through parenteral exposure, with high-risk groups including injection-drug users and healthcare workers.
  • Despite a decline in acute infections, chronic HCV remains prevalent, affecting approximately 2.7 million Americans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the virology of HCV and its associated human diseases.
  • To emphasize the dermatologic manifestations of chronic HCV infection, such as leukocytoclastic vasculitis and porphyria cutanea tarda.
  • To discuss current management strategies for HCV and its extrahepatic complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HCV virology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Focus on extrahepatic manifestations, particularly dermatologic conditions.
  • Summary of current treatment guidelines for HCV infection.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic HCV infection develops in about 75% of cases and can lead to severe morbidity in 20-30% of individuals.
    • Extrahepatic manifestations are common, with mixed cryoglobulinemia and porphyria cutanea tarda being frequent dermatologic findings.
    • HCV infection is often asymptomatic, delaying diagnosis and treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • HCV infection poses a significant public health challenge due to its high chronicity rate and potential for severe complications.
    • Dermatologists play a crucial role in recognizing and managing HCV-associated skin conditions.
    • Effective management of HCV requires a comprehensive understanding of its virology, clinical spectrum, and extrahepatic manifestations.