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A reproducible pediatric daytime urinary incontinence questionnaire
P Sureshkumar1, J C Craig, L P Roy
1Centre for Kidney Research, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children and Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Insights
A new parent-administered questionnaire reliably identifies daytime urinary incontinence in children. This tool helps assess prevalence and risk factors for better understanding and management of childhood incontinence.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric urology
- Public health research
- Child development
Background:
- Daytime urinary incontinence affects many children, impacting their quality of life.
- Accurate assessment of prevalence and risk factors is crucial for effective intervention.
- Existing tools may not adequately capture essential data from a parent's perspective.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a structured, parent-completed questionnaire for assessing daytime urinary incontinence in children.
- To determine the reliability and reproducibility of the newly developed questionnaire.
- To identify prevalence and risk factors associated with childhood daytime urinary incontinence.
Main Methods:
- A novel questionnaire was developed and pilot-tested for usability and acceptability.
- Reproducibility was assessed in a sample of primary school entrants via a repeat questionnaire after 4 weeks.
- Data included demographics, incontinence prevalence, family history, voiding symptoms, and socioeconomic status, analyzed using kappa and Bland-Altman methods.
Main Results:
- The study included 166 children aged 3.5–7 years, with a 78.5% response rate for the repeat questionnaire.
- High mean agreement (91%) was observed between the initial and repeat assessments (mean kappa = 0.70).
- Narrow 95% confidence limits for continuous data (e.g., birth weight) indicated good reproducibility.
Conclusions:
- A new parent-reported questionnaire for daytime urinary incontinence in children has been successfully developed.
- The questionnaire demonstrated good reproducibility, making it a reliable instrument.
- This tool is valuable for gathering comprehensive information on urinary incontinence and voiding symptoms in pediatric populations.
Purpose:
We developed and tested the reliability of a new, structured, parent administered questionnaire to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for daytime urinary incontinence in children.
Materials And Methods:
A new questionnaire was developed and evaluated in a pilot study for ease of understanding and acceptability. It was then tested for reproducibility of responses in a randomly selected sample of new primary school entrants in Western Sydney 4 weeks after baseline data were collected. The questionnaire obtained data on demographics, prevalence of daytime incontinence, family history of incontinence, voiding symptoms and socioeconomic status. Categorical data agreement was assessed using the kappa statistic and continuous data agreement was analyzed using the Bland-Altman method.
Results:
A total of 166 subjects 3.5 to 7 years old (mean and median ages 5.6 and 5.7, respectively) completed the repeat questionnaire with a 78.5% response rate. Mean agreement of the responses to the first and second questionnaires was 91% (range 83% to 100%, mean kappa = 0.70, range 0.34 to 1.00). For continuous data the 95% confidence limits were narrow (0.3 for birth weight data).
Conclusions:
We have developed a new daytime urinary incontinence questionnaire using parent reported data and demonstrated that it is reproducible. We consider it to be a useful instrument for ascertaining information on urinary incontinence and other voiding symptoms.
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