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Related Experiment Videos

[Emergent riboviruses implicated in gastroenteritis].

J Eiros Bouza1, M Bachiller Luque, R Ortiz De Lejarazu

  • 1Departamentos de aMicrobiología y bPediatría. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valladolid. eiros@med.uva.es

Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|February 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Viral gastroenteritis is common in young children, with astroviruses being a frequent cause. Further research is needed to understand transmission and disease mechanisms for these enteric viruses.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Viral agents are a primary cause of acute diarrhea in infants and young children.
  • Astrovirus, coronavirus, torovirus, and picobirnavirus are increasingly recognized as causes of gastroenteritis.
  • Human astroviruses, particularly serotype 1, are frequently detected in children with diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of emerging viral agents in pediatric gastroenteritis.
  • To highlight the epidemiological features and detection methods for astroviruses.
  • To underscore the need for further research on toroviruses and picobirnaviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on viral gastroenteritis.
  • Detection methods discussed include electron microscopy, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), nucleic acid hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

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  • Analysis of disease patterns in different climates and age groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Astroviruses are detected in 1.2%–20% of children with diarrhea, with outbreaks in childcare settings.
    • Children under 3 are most affected, with seasonal patterns in temperate climates and year-round in tropics.
    • Enteric coronaviruses are associated with disease in neonates and young children.

    Conclusions:

    • Astroviruses are significant pathogens in pediatric acute diarrhea, transmitted mainly via the fecal-oral route.
    • Current diagnostic techniques like EIA and PCR aid in epidemiological studies.
    • Further research is essential to determine the community prevalence and transmission of toroviruses and picobirnaviruses, and to understand the pathophysiology of diseases they cause.