Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

The face typicality-recognizability relationship: encoding or retrieval locus?

K A Deffenbacher1, J Johanson, T Vetter

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68182-0274, USA. deffbach@unomaha.edu

Memory & Cognition
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Missing facial parts computed by a morphable model and transferred directly to a polyamide laser-sintered prosthesis: an innovation study.

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery·2011
Same author

Associative learning of scene parameters from images.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

[Mucopolysaccharidoses].

Der Orthopade·2008
Same author

[Hyperphosphatasia and hypophosphatasia in childhood].

Der Orthopade·2007
Same author

[Diagnosis and therapy of osteogenesis imperfecta].

Der Orthopade·2007
Same author

Oral administration of the growth hormone secretagogue NN703 in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency.

Clinical endocrinology·2003
Same journal

Limited protective effects of multilingualism against age-related cognitive decline.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same journal

Validation of illustrated texts: Can pictures raise awareness of inconsistencies?

Memory & cognition·2026
Same journal

4I remember (and forget) your happy smiling face: Directed forgetting of emotionally expressive faces of in-group and out-group members.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same journal

Identity in the spotlight: Matching faces without overlapping features.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same journal

Test delay and change awareness moderate retroactive and proactive memory effects.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same journal

The Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) illusion in short-term memory: Opposite effects of retention interval on true and false recognition.

Memory & cognition·2026
See all related articles

Face typicality enhances recognition memory by increasing distinctiveness during encoding and reducing false alarms during retrieval. This suggests both study and test phases contribute significantly to improved face recognition.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory
  • Face Perception

Background:

  • Face typicality influences recognition memory, but its underlying mechanisms remain debated.
  • Previous research suggested typicality effects are primarily retrieval-based.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether face typicality effects on recognition memory stem from encoding or retrieval processes.
  • To examine the roles of distinctiveness at study and test in face recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a crossover recognition memory testing paradigm.
  • Manipulated face typicality using veridical and caricatured faces at study and test.
  • Utilized signal detection analyses to differentiate stimulus/memory from decision-based effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Increased memorability from face typicality primarily enhanced hit rates through greater distinctiveness during encoding.
  • Increased distinctiveness at test significantly reduced false alarm rates.
  • Mirror effects were predominantly stimulus/memory-based, not decision-based.

Conclusions:

  • Face memorability enhances recognition through both improved encoding of studied faces and better rejection of distractors.
  • Contrary to prior conclusions, both encoding and retrieval processes contribute substantially to face recognition improvements.
  • Distinctiveness at encoding and retrieval are key factors in typicality effects on face memory.