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Predisposing factors in delayed sleep phase syndrome.
Y Takahashi1, H Hohjoh, K Matsuura
1Sleep Disorders Clinic, Seiwa Hospital, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|February 24, 2001
Summary
This study on delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) found that primary DSPS often begins in adolescence and may have genetic links, indicated by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR1 positivity and family history. Psychological factors also contribute to DSPS development.
Area of Science:
- Chronobiology
- Sleep Medicine
- Genetics
Background:
- Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS) is a circadian rhythm disorder.
- Understanding the multifactorial nature of DSPS is crucial for effective management.
- Early signs of DSPS often manifest during adolescence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To classify DSPS patients into primary and secondary groups based on early-onset symptoms.
- To investigate potential genetic predispositions, including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations.
- To explore psychological profiles associated with DSPS.
Main Methods:
- Classification of 64 DSPS patients into primary (n=53) and secondary (n=11) groups.
- Analysis of early-onset symptoms and familial occurrence.
- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing for DR1 positivity.
- Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) assessment.
Main Results:
- Early signs of DSPS concentrated in adolescence.
- Familial occurrence noted in 11 primary DSPS patients.
- Significantly higher incidence of HLA DR1 positivity in DSPS patients compared to controls.
- MMPI revealed elevated scores for depression, psychoasthenia, and hypochondriasis.
Conclusions:
- DSPS likely results from a combination of biological, genetic, social, and psychological factors.
- HLA DR1 positivity may be a genetic marker for DSPS predisposition.
- Psychological factors, including depression and anxiety-related traits, are associated with DSPS.