[Extravesical ectopy of accessory ostium uterus]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Gynecology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Ectopic ureteral ostia are rare congenital anomalies.
• Abnormalities in ureteral opening location can impact reproductive health.
• Cervical location of ureteral ostia presents unique diagnostic and clinical challenges.

Observation:

• Two cases of ectopic accessory ostium ureteris located in the cervix uteri are presented.
• This anomaly was associated with vaginal and/or uterine developmental defects in the described cases.
• Constant urine release into the uterine cavity was observed, leading to chronic endometritis.

Findings:

• Female sterility can result from cervical ectopic ureteral ostia, potentially due to associated developmental defects or chronic endometritis.
• Pregnancy achieved post-heminephrureterectomy in one patient, correlating with the cessation of urine release into the uterus.
• Classic signs of extravesical ostium ectopy may be absent due to reduced urine production from dysplastic kidney segments or urine reservoir function of the uterus/vagina.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of cervical ectopic ureteral ostia is crucial for managing female infertility.
• Surgical intervention to correct urine flow may restore fertility in affected individuals.
• Understanding the pathophysiology is key to improving patient outcomes and reproductive health strategies.