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Related Experiment Videos

Circulating DNA in plasma or serum.

P Anker1, M Stroun

  • 1Department of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Geneva, Pavillon des Isotopes, 20 bvd. d'Yvoy, 1211 Genève.

Medicina
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Circulating tumor DNA in plasma offers a promising noninvasive tool for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. This discovery also enables accessible fetal genetic material analysis for prenatal diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Circulating DNA is present in human plasma/serum, with elevated levels observed in cancer patients.
  • Tumor-derived DNA exhibits distinct characteristics in cancer patient plasma, including genetic mutations and methylation patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of plasma DNA as a noninvasive biomarker for cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and monitoring.
  • To highlight the significance of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma for prenatal diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of circulating DNA in plasma/serum from healthy individuals and cancer patients.
  • Characterization of tumor DNA features, including strand stability, gene mutations, microsatellite alterations, Ig rearrangements, and gene hypermethylation.

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Main Results:

  • Increased concentrations of circulating DNA were detected in cancer patients.
  • Specific tumor DNA characteristics were identified in patient plasma, suggesting its oncogenic origin.
  • Cell-free fetal DNA was identified in maternal plasma, providing a source for prenatal genetic analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma DNA analysis holds potential for noninvasive cancer detection, prognosis, and follow-up.
  • The presence of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma facilitates prenatal diagnosis.