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[Ocular trauma in children: report of 136 cases]
Z Ben Zina1, F Jamel, K Wissam
1Service d'Hophtalmologie, CHU Habib Bourguiba SFAX.
Insights
Pediatric ocular trauma, often from domestic accidents like stone projections, frequently leads to severe vision loss and requires surgery. Prevention is crucial to avoid permanent visual impairment in children.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Trauma Surgery
Context:
- Ocular traumatisms are a significant cause of childhood morbidity.
- These injuries pose a substantial risk for developing amblyopia.
- Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of pediatric eye injuries is critical.
Purpose:
- To analyze the characteristics, causes, and outcomes of ocular traumatisms in children.
- To evaluate the treatment modalities and visual prognosis following pediatric eye injuries.
- To highlight the need for preventative measures against childhood ocular trauma.
Summary:
- A retrospective study of 136 children (ages 1-15) treated for ocular trauma between 1992-1998.
- Domestic accidents, particularly stone projections, were the most common causes, with perforations more frequent than contusions.
- Corneoscleral wounds and vitreous hemorrhage were prevalent anterior and posterior segment lesions, respectively. Surgical intervention was necessary in two-thirds of cases.
Impact:
- High rates of poor visual acuity (<1/10) and ocular complications (e.g., phthisis bulbi) were observed.
- The study underscores the severe functional and esthetic consequences of pediatric ocular trauma.
- Emphasizes the critical importance of implementing preventative strategies to reduce childhood eye injuries.
Abstract:
Ocular traumatisms represent an important cause of morbidity in children. They expose to a major risk of amblyopia. This retrospective study is about 136 children aged of 1 to 15 years, admitted to the hospital of HABIB BOURGUIBA SFAX between 1992 and 1998 for ocular traumatism. Sex ratio was 2.77. The domestic accident represented the most frequent circumstance(45.59%). Ocular traumatism are primarily caused in our cases by projection of stones (33.09%). Perforation was twice more frequent than contusions. Anterior segment lesions were dominated by corneoscleral wounds(61.03%). Vitreous hemorrhage was the most frequent lesion of the posterior segment (9.56%) We found palpebral wound without lesion of lacrimal tract in four cases. The recourse to surgery treatment was imperative in 2/3 of cases. A healing was noted in 20.59% of cases, but the prognostic was always bad because 55.88% of children had a visual acuity less than 1/10 and 10% had a phtisis of the ocular globe. The functional consequences and the esthetic prejudice emphasize the importance of the prevention.