Salt gland blood flow in the hatchling green turtle, Chelonia mydas

Microsphere and morphometric techniques were used to investigate any circulatory changes that accompany secretion by the salt glands of hatchling Chelonia mydas. Salt glands were activated by a salt load of 27.0 mmol NaCl x kg body mass (BM)(-1), resulting in a mean sodium secretion rate of 4.14 +/- 0.11 mmol Na x kg BM(-1) x h(-1) for a single gland. Microsphere entrapment was approximately 160-180 times greater in the active salt gland than the inactive gland, inferring a similar change in blood flow through salt gland capillaries. The concentration of microspheres trapped in the salt gland was significantly correlated with the rate of tear production (ml x kg BM(-1) x h(-1)) and the total rate of sodium secretion (mmol Na x kg BM(-1) x h(-1)) but not with tear sodium concentration (mmol Na x l(-1)). Adrenaline (500 microg x kg BM(-1)) inhibited tear production within 2 min and reduced microsphere entrapment by approximately 95% compared with active glands. The volume of filled blood vessels increased from 0.03 +/- 0.01% of secretory lobe volume in inactive salt gland sections to 0.70 +/- 0.11% in active gland sections. The results demonstrate that capillary blood flow in the salt gland of C. mydas can regulate the activity of the gland as a whole.