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Related Experiment Videos

Serological response to immunization with tetanus toxoid.

Setarunnahar1, A Hossain, R Khatun

  • 1DPT Vaccine Laboratory, Institute of Public Health, Mohakhali, Dhaka.

Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Both the Institute of Public Health (IPH) and imported tetanus toxoid vaccines demonstrated high efficacy in a study of 200 women. Immunization resulted in robust antibody responses, indicating good antigenicity for both vaccine types used in Bangladesh.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tetanus toxoid vaccines are crucial for preventing tetanus, a serious bacterial infection.
  • The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Bangladesh utilizes both locally produced (Institute of Public Health - IPH) and imported tetanus toxoid vaccines.
  • Assessing the immunogenicity of these vaccines is vital for ensuring effective disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the immunogenicity of locally produced (IPH) and imported tetanus toxoid vaccines.
  • To evaluate the antibody response in women immunized with two different vaccine batches.
  • To determine the antigenicity and efficacy of tetanus toxoid vaccines used in Bangladesh.

Main Methods:

  • Two hundred women were enrolled and divided into two groups of 100.

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  • One group received IPH-produced vaccine, the other received imported vaccine, with two doses administered one month apart.
  • Antibody titres against tetanus toxoid were measured using the haemagglutination method before the first dose and one month after the second dose.

    • Main Results:

    • Seroconversion rates were high for both vaccines: 95% for IPH and 96% for imported vaccine (including pre-immunized subjects).
    • Excluding subjects with pre-existing antibodies, seroconversion rates were 93.05% for IPH and 94.87% for imported vaccine.
    • No statistically significant difference in immune response was observed between the IPH and imported vaccines (p = 1.0).
    • Antibody titres in initially positive subjects increased eightfold after vaccination, indicating good antigenicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Both IPH-produced and imported tetanus toxoid vaccines are highly immunogenic and effective in inducing protective antibody levels.
    • There is no significant difference in efficacy between the locally produced and imported vaccines.
    • The study confirms the satisfactory antigenicity of the tetanus toxoid vaccines utilized by the EPI in Bangladesh.