Visual outcome and prognostic factors after vitrectomy for posterior segment foreign bodies

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Trauma Surgery
• Retinal Surgery

Background:

• Posterior segment intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injuries pose a significant risk to visual function.
• Prompt and effective management is crucial for optimizing visual outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify prognostic factors predicting final visual acuity in eyes with posterior segment IOFB injuries.
• To analyze outcomes following primary pars plana vitrectomy for IOFB injuries.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 96 consecutive patients with posterior segment IOFB injuries.
• Analysis of factors including initial visual acuity, wound characteristics, presence of complications (e.g., endophthalmitis, retinal detachment), and surgical interventions.
• Statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Main Results:

• 65.6% of eyes achieved a final visual acuity of 20/200 or better.
• Corneoscleral entrance wounds, uveal prolapse, and retinal detachment were significantly associated with poor visual outcomes.
• Absence of uveal prolapse was the sole factor significantly associated with good visual outcome.

Conclusions:

• The severity of the primary injury is a major determinant of final visual outcome in posterior segment IOFB injuries.
• Corneoscleral entrance wound, uveal prolapse, and retinal detachment are key predictors of visual prognosis.
• Pars plana vitrectomy is a primary surgical approach for managing these complex injuries.