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Updated: Oct 9, 2026

Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine
Published on: February 26, 2019
New developments in the biology of the glucagon-like peptides GLP-1 and GLP-2
D J Drucker1, J Lovshin, L Baggio
1Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G2C4. d.drucker@utoronto.ca
Abstract:
Glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2) are coencoded within a single mammalian proglucagon precursor, and are liberated in the intestine and brain. GLP-1 exerts well known actions on islet hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and food intake. Recent studies suggest GLP-1 plays a central role in the development and organization of islet cells. GLP-1 receptor signaling appears essential for beta cell signal transduction as exemplified by studies of GLP-1R-/- mice. GLP-2 promotes energy assimilation via trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa of the small and large bowel epithelium via a recently cloned GLP-2 receptor. The actions of GLP-2 are preserved in the setting of small and large bowel injury and inflammation. The biological actions of the glucagon-like peptides suggest they may have therapeutic efficacy in diabetes (GLP-1) or intestinal disorders (GLP-2).
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