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Optimism, satisfaction and time perspective in the elderly.

C J Lennings1

  • 1Department of Behavioural Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

International Journal of Aging & Human Development
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
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Elderly individuals often focus on the present, impacting their optimism and life satisfaction. As people age, optimism rises while satisfaction declines, suggesting realism rather than future anxiety.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Health Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Older adults exhibit a present-focused temporal orientation, unlike younger demographics.
  • Optimism, a future perspective, is crucial for health-enhancing messages in health psychology.
  • Perception and valuation of the future by the elderly can influence health maintenance behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal orientation of elderly individuals.
  • To examine the relationship between age, optimism, and life satisfaction in the elderly.
  • To understand the implications for health management strategies in aging populations.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving eighty-six elderly participants.
  • Analysis of dominant time perspectives and their relation to satisfaction and optimism.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Within-group comparisons based on age (young-old vs. oldest-old).

    • Main Results:

    • The elderly predominantly demonstrated present time perspectives.
    • Optimism increased with age, while life satisfaction decreased.
    • The correlation between optimism and satisfaction shifted from positive (young-old) to negative (oldest-old).

    Conclusions:

    • Decreased satisfaction in aging is likely due to realism about aging tasks, not death anxiety.
    • Temporal variables and optimism become less predictive of satisfaction with increasing age.
    • Findings suggest a need for tailored health management models for the elderly, considering their temporal focus.