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The expanded program in immunization. Ghana's experience.

V K Agadzi

    Developments in Biological Standardization
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study assessed the feasibility of an expanded immunization program, reporting success in training and cold chain development. Challenges in technical, social, and administrative areas were also noted.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Vaccinology
    • Pediatric Medicine

    Background:

    • The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) is crucial for child health.
    • Feasibility studies are essential to optimize vaccination strategies.
    • Previous immunization efforts faced logistical and coverage challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the feasibility of increasing vaccination coverage in children under two years.
    • To assess the immunological response to pertussis and oral polio vaccines.
    • To identify and address constraints in implementing a comprehensive immunization program.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing fixed centers and mobile teams for vaccine delivery.
    • Administering vaccines against measles, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tuberculosis, and smallpox.

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  • Monitoring immunological responses to specific vaccine doses.

    • Main Results:

    • Positive outcomes reported in training, manpower development, and cold chain system establishment.
    • The cold chain system is identified as a critical component for program efficiency.
    • Some technical, social, and administrative constraints impacted study progress.

    Conclusions:

    • The feasibility study indicates progress in key operational areas for expanded immunization.
    • Successful implementation relies heavily on robust infrastructure like the cold chain.
    • Ongoing efforts are needed to overcome identified implementation barriers.