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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy

The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

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Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances
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Published on: July 5, 2011

Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome.

P Flodmark1, C Wattsgård

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Central Hospital Halmstad, Sweden.

Pediatric Radiology
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. A mother and son diagnosed with this condition suggest a potential autosomal dominant inheritance pattern for this rare disease.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome (CCMS) is a rare congenital disorder.
  • It is characterized by rib malformations, cerebral maldevelopment, intellectual disability, palatal defects, and micrognathia.
  • CCMS was first described in 1966, with most cases appearing sporadic, though familial occurrences suggest genetic links.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome in a mother and her son.
  • This familial occurrence provides new insights into the potential inheritance patterns of CCMS.

Findings:

  • The observed familial clustering in this mother-son pair suggests an autosomal dominant mode of transmission for cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome.
  • This contrasts with previously reported cases that suggested autosomal recessive inheritance.

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Implications:

  • Identifying the mode of inheritance is crucial for genetic counseling and understanding the prognosis of cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome.
  • Further research into the genetic basis of CCMS is warranted to confirm the proposed autosomal dominant transmission and explore potential therapeutic targets.