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[Congenital laryngomalacia in children]
1Klinika Otolaryngologii Dzieciecej Instytutu Pediatrii AM w Poznaniu.
Insights
Laryngomalacia, a common cause of infant stridor, typically resolves by age two. Severe cases may require surgery due to risks like obstructive apnea.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Otolaryngology
- Genetics
Context:
- Laryngomalacia is the most frequent cause of congenital stridor in infants.
- Symptoms are usually present from birth and often resolve by two years of age.
- Severe cases can lead to serious complications like obstructive apnea and failure to thrive.
Purpose:
- To review existing literature on laryngomalacia.
- To clarify terminology, classifications, etiology, and pathogenesis.
- To explore associations with other medical conditions and outline treatment options.
Summary:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on laryngomalacia, the primary cause of infantile stridor.
- It covers the condition's natural history, potential severe outcomes, and diagnostic considerations.
- The study details the anomaly's origins, pathogenesis, related diseases, and therapeutic strategies.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing infants with stridor.
- Aids in understanding the spectrum of laryngomalacia severity and its management.
- Contributes to improved diagnosis and treatment of this common congenital disorder.
Abstract:
Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of congenital infantile stridor which is respiratory in all cases. It is first noted at birth and usually resolves spontaneously by the age of 2 years. In severe cases it may lead to life-threatening obstructive apnea, cor pulmonale and failure to thrive, and in these patients surgical intervention may be required. This anomaly has been described in the medical literature for over 100 years. The purpose of this study is to review the literature, present terminology, types of laryngomalacia, cause, pathogenesis and relationship with other diseases. Finally, we describe the possible methods of its treatment.