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The effect of tooth preparation on microleakage behavior
J A von Fraunhofer1, E I Adachi, D M Barnes
1School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Operative Dentistry
|February 24, 2001
Summary
Cavity preparation significantly impacts dental restoration microleakage. Techniques involving acid etching, whether with a bur or air abrasion, showed less leakage than air abrasion alone, validated by two testing methods.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Restorative Dentistry
- Biomaterials Engineering
Background:
- Microleakage is a critical factor affecting the longevity of dental restorations.
- Cavity preparation methods are known to influence the marginal seal of restorations.
- Comparing different cavity preparation techniques is essential for improving clinical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the microleakage of composite restorations in Class V cavities prepared by different techniques.
- To evaluate and correlate microleakage data obtained from electrochemical and silver nitrate staining methods.
- To determine the influence of cavity preparation method on restoration marginal integrity.
Main Methods:
- Four cavity preparation techniques were used on 48 premolars: tungsten carbide bur with acid etching, air abrasion (27 microns Al2O3) with acid etching, air abrasion (50 microns Al2O3), and air abrasion (27 microns Al2O3).
- Restorations were placed using Prime and Bond 2.1 and Tetric Flow, followed by 5000 thermocycles.
- Microleakage was assessed using a continuous electrochemical (conductimetric) method for 75 days and a 50% silver nitrate (AgNO3) staining technique.
Main Results:
- Cavities prepared with a bur or air abrasion followed by acid etching exhibited significantly less microleakage compared to those prepared with air abrasion alone (p < 0.05).
- Electrochemical mean leakage currents were 1.89 & 1.57 microA for bur/acid-etch and air abrasion/acid-etch groups, versus 3.60 & 3.40 microA for air abrasion alone groups.
- Silver nitrate staining data corroborated the electrochemical findings, indicating better marginal seal with acid-etched preparations.
- A significant correlation (p < 0.05) was found between electrochemical and staining methods across all groups.
Conclusions:
- Cavity preparation technique significantly influences the microleakage of composite restorations.
- The inclusion of an acid-etching step in cavity preparation, regardless of the initial method (bur or air abrasion), enhances the marginal seal.
- Both electrochemical and silver nitrate staining methods are reliable for evaluating microleakage and show good correlation.