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Proper-name processing: are proper names pure referencing expressions?

J Hollis1, T Valentine

  • 1Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths College, University of London, United Kingdom. jarrodhollis@hotmail.com

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
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Proper name processing differs by category. People and landmark names show priming effects, unlike country names, suggesting unique conceptual-lexical connections influence retrieval.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Existing theoretical models of proper-name processing often generalize from studies on people's names.
  • It is assumed these models apply broadly across all proper-name categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether theoretical models of proper-name processing generalize across different categories of proper names.
  • To compare repetition priming effects for people's names, landmark names, and country names.

Main Methods:

  • Five experiments utilizing repetition priming were conducted.
  • Participants performed familiarity decisions on written names following auditory or visual (picture) priming of the same name.
  • Stimuli included people's names, landmark names, and country names.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Significant repetition priming effects (facilitation in familiarity decisions) were observed for people's names and landmark names.
  • No comparable priming facilitation was found for country names.
  • The findings suggest category-specific differences in the processing of proper names.

Conclusions:

  • The connectivity between conceptual and lexical representations appears to differ across proper-name categories.
  • Theoretical views of proper names as unique, meaningless labels or pure referencing expressions require nuanced evaluation based on empirical evidence.
  • Proper-name processing is not uniform and is influenced by the specific semantic and conceptual properties of the name category.