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Related Experiment Videos

Antidotes--inappropriate timely availability.

M A Higgins1, R Evans

  • 1Emergency Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Human & Experimental Toxicology
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Antidote availability for poisonings in Wales and Southwest England is limited, with many departments lacking essential and newer treatments. Awareness of existing guidelines is also low among pharmacists.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Effective management of poisoning requires timely access to specific antidotes.
  • International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) provides guidelines for essential antidotes.
  • Previous assessments of antidote availability in the UK are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the availability of antidotes for poisons in accident and emergency departments in Wales and the South West of England.
  • To compare current stock levels with International Programme on Chemical Safety recommendations.
  • To evaluate chief pharmacists' awareness of existing UK antidote guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to 43 accident and emergency departments requesting antidote stocklists.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A questionnaire assessed chief pharmacists' knowledge of current UK guidelines.
  • Data were analyzed to determine the range and mean number of antidotes stocked.
  • Stock availability was compared against International Programme on Chemical Safety recommendations.

    • Main Results:

    • Thirty-four of 43 (77%) centres responded.
    • No department stocked all 36 recommended antidotes, with an average of 13 (range 7-33) stocked.
    • Commonly used antidotes, such as for cyanide and heavy metal poisoning, were generally available.
    • Newer antidotes like 4-methylpyrazole, hydroxocobalamin, DMSA, and DMPS were infrequently stocked.
    • Twenty of 34 (59%) chief pharmacists were unaware of existing UK guidelines.
    • Larger departments tended to stock a greater variety of antidotes.

    Conclusions:

    • Timely access to certain antidotes is a concern in Wales and the South West of England.
    • There is a significant lack of awareness regarding established UK antidote guidelines.
    • Development of updated recommendations aligned with clinical needs and local practices is warranted.