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Autonomic response specificity during motor imagery.

K Oishi1, T Kasai, T Maeshima

  • 1Health and Sports Sciences Institute, Senshu University. QWK02752@nifty.ne.jp

Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Mental imagery (MI) and mental arithmetic (MA) both activate autonomic effectors. However, motor imagery significantly increases heart rate more than MA, suggesting distinct central nervous system functions during imagined exercise.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Autonomic nervous system activation during motor imagery (MI) may stem from motor anticipation or central motor programming.
  • Distinguishing these factors is crucial for understanding the psychophysiological underpinnings of imagined actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct roles of motor anticipation and motor programming during MI.
  • To compare autonomic responses during high-stress MI and mental arithmetic (MA).

Main Methods:

  • Eight young male speed skating athletes performed MI of a 500m sprint and MA.
  • Autonomic responses including skin resistance (SR), heart rate (HR), and respiration rate were measured and compared to control levels.
  • MI duration was closely matched to actual performance records.

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Main Results:

  • Both MI and MA significantly decreased SR and increased respiration rate compared to rest.
  • Heart rate significantly increased during both tasks, but the increase was substantially greater during MI than MA.
  • Respiration patterns differed, with MI showing irregularity similar to actual performance.

Conclusions:

  • MI, distinct from MA, elicits a greater heart rate response, potentially reflecting the activation of target effectors crucial for actual exercise.
  • The findings suggest that MI involves not only motor anticipation but also central motor programming functions.
  • Autonomic responses during MI are influenced by heightened vigilance and anticipatory processes.