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Does epidermal turnover reduce percutaneous penetration?

M B Reddy1, R H Guy, A L Bunge

  • 1Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Refining Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA.

Pharmaceutical Research
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Skin desquamation removes chemicals effectively only if epidermal turnover is rapid relative to chemical diffusion. For most chemicals, normal skin turnover is insufficient to prevent systemic absorption after dermal exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Dermal absorption and toxicology
  • Skin physiology and stratum corneum dynamics

Background:

  • Chemicals on skin can be absorbed systemically after removal.
  • Percutaneous absorption rate and skin cell turnover (desquamation) influence systemic availability.
  • Desquamation's role in eliminating dermal chemicals is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the fate of chemicals within the skin after dermal contact.
  • To evaluate the impact of epidermal turnover on systemic chemical absorption.
  • To determine factors influencing chemical removal from skin via desquamation.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of stratum corneum and viable epidermis.
  • Simulation of chemical absorption and epidermal turnover.
  • Analysis of variables: turnover rate, exposure duration, lipophilicity, and diffusion lag time.

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Main Results:

  • Desquamation effectively removes chemicals only when epidermal turnover is faster than chemical diffusion.
  • Normal epidermal turnover rates are generally insufficient for significant chemical removal.
  • Most chemicals remaining on skin post-exposure will be absorbed systemically.

Conclusions:

  • Epidermal turnover significantly reduces systemic absorption only for highly lipophilic or high molecular weight chemicals.
  • Desquamation is not a primary mechanism for eliminating most dermally absorbed chemicals.