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Related Experiment Videos

Tears contain the complement regulator CD59 as well as decay-accelerating factor (DAF).

E Cocuzzi1, L B Szczotka, W G Brodbeck

  • 1Department of Pathology and Center For Vision Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-2622, USA.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Tear fluid contains membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL or CD59), a protein that inhibits complement-mediated cell lysis. CD59 is functional in tears and its levels vary with tear type, suggesting a role in ocular surface immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Ocular immunology
  • Complement system regulation

Background:

  • Decay-accelerating factor (DAF or CD55) regulates C3 activation in tears.
  • The presence and function of other complement regulators in tears are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and function of membrane cofactor protein (MCP or CD46) and membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL or CD59) in human tears.
  • To characterize the biochemical properties and functional activity of tear CD59.

Main Methods:

  • Two-site immunoradiometric assays to quantify MCP and CD59 levels in tears.
  • Western blotting to determine the molecular weight of tear CD59.
  • Biochemical assays (Phenyl-Sepharose adsorption, Triton X-114 partitioning) to assess GPI anchor presence.
  • Functional assays using complement-activated serum and erythrocytes to evaluate CD59's inhibitory activity.

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Main Results:

  • MCP was detected at low levels (42 ± 8 ng/ml) in tears.
  • CD59 was present at significant levels (222 ± 78 ng/ml), comparable to DAF.
  • CD59 concentrations were higher in closed eye tears and lower in reflex tears.
  • Tear CD59 lacks GPI anchors but is functionally active, inhibiting C5b-9-mediated lysis.
  • CD59 accounts for >85% of C9 inhibitory activity in tear fluid.

Conclusions:

  • Tears contain functional MCP and CD59, in addition to DAF.
  • CD59 is a major inhibitor of complement-mediated lysis in tears.
  • The presence and regulation of these complement inhibitors suggest a role in ocular surface protection.