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Winter mortality in Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

E Cordioli1, C Pizzi, M Martinelli

  • 1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Cardioangiologia, Epatologia Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

International Journal of Circumpolar Health
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
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Elderly individuals experience higher mortality rates during winter, particularly from heart disease and respiratory issues. Cold weather exacerbates these risks, especially for those aged 80-89.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Gerontology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Winter mortality, especially among the elderly, is a significant public health concern.
  • Previous studies suggest a link between cold temperatures and increased mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between cold weather and mortality from ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases in the elderly (50-89 years) in Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
  • To identify geographical and demographic variations in winter mortality within the region.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological analysis of mortality data from 1997 for individuals aged 50-89 in Emilia-Romagna.
  • Data sourced from regional administrative and meteorological services.
  • Comparison of mortality rates between northern and southern areas (Piacenza vs. Rimini) and between sexes.

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Main Results:

  • A significant increase in mortality was observed during winter, peaking in January, particularly in the 80-89 age group.
  • Geographical differences were noted, with lower mortality rates in the southern part of the region (Rimini) compared to the north (Piacenza).
  • Sex-based differences in cold-related mortality were identified for various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced age, cold exposure, and excess winter mortality are closely linked in the Emilia-Romagna region.
  • Potential contributing factors include age-related changes in the sympathetic nervous system and the impact of cold on haemostatic factors.
  • Public health strategies should consider the heightened vulnerability of the elderly to cold-related mortality during winter.