Cancer induction in the DMBA hamster cheek pouch: a modified technique using a promoter

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Carcinogenesis Research
• Animal Models

Background:

• The hamster cheek pouch model is widely used for oral carcinogenesis studies.
• A reliable and efficient method for inducing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is crucial for preclinical research.
• Investigating novel methods for carcinogen delivery can improve model consistency and reduce variability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate a modified carcinogenesis induction method using 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) sustained-release sutures combined with arecaidine promotion.
• To establish a reproducible and efficient hamster cheek pouch model for SCC induction.
• To provide a suitable platform for testing therapeutic interventions against upper aerodigestive tract tumors.

Main Methods:

• A prospective, controlled animal study was conducted using Syrian hamsters.
• 3-0 cotton sutures impregnated with DMBA and coated with silicone elastomer were placed in the submucosa of the cheek pouch.
• After 12 weeks, DMBA sutures were removed, and the pouches were painted with arecaidine three times weekly for up to 4 weeks to promote tumor growth.

Main Results:

• Sutures were placed in 165 hamster cheek pouches, with 133 (80.6%) developing SCCs reaching 100 mm2.
• A significant success rate in tumor induction was achieved using the modified DMBA suture technique.
• Adverse events included 15.8% mortality and 3.6% euthanasia due to severe inflammation.

Conclusions:

• The modified DMBA sustained-release suture technique followed by arecaidine promotion is a reliable and efficient method for inducing SCC in the hamster cheek pouch model.
• This model provides a robust platform for studying upper aerodigestive tract tumors.
• The method's high success rate and efficiency make it valuable for preclinical cancer research.