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Type III secretion systems and pathogenicity islands.

Craig Winstanley1, C Anthony Hart1

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Genito-Urinary Medicine, University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
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Pathogenicity islands (PIs) with type III secretion (TTS) systems help bacteria infect hosts. This review covers TTS PIs in pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli, and their potential as drug targets.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Bacterial pathogens utilize pathogenicity islands (PIs) to acquire virulence factors.
  • Type III secretion (TTS) systems, often encoded by PIs, are crucial for delivering effector molecules into host cells.
  • Numerous Gram-negative pathogens harbor TTS systems, impacting both human and plant health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of TTS PIs in bacterial pathogenicity.
  • To explore the genetic organization and evolution of TTS systems.
  • To discuss the potential of TTS systems as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on TTS PIs.
  • Analysis of genetic organization and evolutionary patterns of TTS systems.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting TTS mechanisms.

    • Main Results:

    • TTS PIs are widespread among Gram-negative pathogens, including Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Escherichia.
    • These systems facilitate contact-dependent secretion of virulence factors, directly impacting host cells.
    • The genetic makeup and evolution of TTS PIs show significant diversity across different bacterial species.

    Conclusions:

    • TTS PIs are key virulence determinants in many bacterial pathogens.
    • Understanding the evolution and function of TTS systems is vital for developing novel treatments.
    • Targeting TTS systems offers a promising strategy for combating bacterial infections.